Intimate Partner Violence in Immigrant and Refugee Communities: Challenges, Promising Practices and Recommendations

Reviews research on intimate partner violence in immigrant and refugee communities and examines victims' needs, challenges for agencies, and promising practices for prevention. Makes recommendations for funders, service providers, and policy makers

PERFORMING ANAPHORA IN MODERN GREEK: A NEO-GRICEAN PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS

The paper addresses the problem of interpreting anaphoric NPs in Modern Greek. It includes a proposal of a novel analysis based on the systematic interaction of the neo- Gricean pragmatic principles of communication, which provides a neat and elegant approach to NP-anaphora resolution. The findings of this study provide evidence for an account of NP-anaphora in terms of the division of labour between syntax and pragmatics and more accurately in terms of the systematic interaction of the neo-Gricean pragmatic principles

Engineering kidneys from simple cell suspensions:an exercise in self-organization

Increasing numbers of people approaching and living with end-stage renal disease and failure of the supply of transplantable kidneys to keep pace has created an urgent need for alternative sources of new organs. One possibility is tissue engineering of new organs from stem cells. Adult kidneys are arguably too large and anatomically complex for direct construction, but engineering immature kidneys, transplanting them, and allowing them to mature within the host may be more feasible. In this review, we describe a technique that begins with a suspension of renogenic stem cells and promotes these cells’ self-organization into organ rudiments very similar to foetal kidneys, with a collecting duct tree, nephrons, corticomedullary zonation and extended loops of Henle. The engineered rudiments vascularize when transplanted to appropriate vessel-rich sites in bird eggs or adult animals, and show preliminary evidence for physiological function. We hope that this approach might one day be the basis of a clinically useful technique for renal replacement therapy

Understanding reference generation as a goal-oriented and dynamic process

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Rochester. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Department of Linguistics, 2018.In interactive communication, interlocutors exchange information against a particular context of the interaction. This context may be local - including the current conversational history and shared visual information - or built from prior experiences and knowledge brought to the interaction. A speaker, in choosing a referring expression, may take into account aspects of this context and appeal to what is in common ground with her conversational partner in order to be maximally understood, often reusing lexical items for referents previously referred to, i.e., forming "conceptual pacts," or appealing to any shared experience with the listener. A central problem for a speaker is if and when to integrate new information in the interaction and whether this process needs to be negotiated. This thesis investigates reference generation as a dynamic process, one that includes a notion of common ground that is updated throughout an interaction and continually informs a speaker’s referring behavior. Crucially, updates about what is in common ground inform the speaker’s choices insofar as they align with the goals and demands of the task at hand. If changes in the interaction align with the current goals, changes in referring behavior are likely and expected by the listener and require no negotiation. I test this hypothesis with a series of targeted language games that elicit spontaneous speech during a shared task. Over the course of these experiments, I find evidence of the flexibility of conceptual pacts and an expectation that changes of form will occur if the goals of the interaction shift. I also find evidence that new information presented throughout an interaction will affect referring behavior. This holds true whether the change in information was related to a local change in referential domain or in the accumulation of new information about an interlocutor’s knowledge. Taken together, these results extend Clark’s collaborative theory of reference to present a more robust account of reference generation, one that takes reference to be both goal-oriented and dynamic and that helps unify the often separate accounts of conceptual pacts and the use of common ground in interaction